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Transmitter--The knowledge that the instrument must know

Time2023-03-27 10:20 linkS:
  There are three major hardware in the process instrument. Measurement transmission unit, actuator, and regulator. Among them, the measurement transmitter is a transmitter. In some cases, the transmitter is actually equivalent to the sensor. The actuator is such as a valve. The regulator is the controller, which is the brain of the entire control system, such as the PID regulator. Today, I will introduce the most important components in digital instruments- transmitter.

What can the transmitter do
In industrial production, after the measurement components are detected by parameters such as pressure, temperature, flow, liquid level, etc., the Fuji transmitter needs to uniformly convert the signal of the measurement component into a standard signal source (such as 4-20mA DC power supply) and send it to the send to it to send it to it to send it to it to send it to it to send it. The display instrument or adjustment instrument is displayed, recorded or adjusted. Therefore, the Fuji transmitter is both a conversion medium and a medium.

Where is Fuji transmitter stronger
 
Since the regulator is generally in a relatively far away control room, Fuji transmitter has become a complex of the two functions of signal generation and transmission line driving. The control end and the measurement terminal are linked, forming a complete control system.

Fuji transmitter category
 
Fuji transmitter is including: Fuji FKG/FKP pressure transmitter, Fuji FKC differential pressure transmitter, Fuji temperature transmitter, Fuji flow transmitter, Fuji FKE liquid level transmitter

Some transmitters are measured and transmitted units are integrated (such as Fuji pressure transmitters), and some transmitters only have the transmission function (such as temperature transmitter)
The transmitter is classified by the driver's energy classification from the pneumatic transmitter and the electric transmitter.
Among them, the most commonly used industrial production process is differential pressure transmitters and temperature transmitters.
 
Common types and selection principles of differential pressure transmitters
Differential pressure transmitters are used to convert the measured parameters such as differential pressure, flow, and liquid levels into a unified signal standard, and transmit this unified signal to the instructions, record the instrument or regulator, and let the measured parameters display on the screen.
Main types: force balanced electric differential pressure transmitter, Fuji capacitive differential pressure transmitter

The model of differential pressure transmitters is not stipulated, and each manufacturer has its own selection table. The selection of differential pressure transmitters is mainly based on: the nature indicators of the measured medium are premium, and it is saved by saving funds, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. If the measurement of the intermediary is a case where the high viscosity is easy to crystallize, the isolated transmitter must be selected.
Differential pressure transmitters need to consider the erosion of the Diaphragm metal when selecting the type. Be sure to choose the material of the Diaphragm.
 
Differential pressure transmitters should consider the temperature of the measured medium when selected. If the temperature is generally 200 ° C to 400 ° C, a high temperature type should be used, otherwise silicon oil will cause gasification expansion and make the measurement from being accurate.
 
Differential pressure transmitters must consider equipment work pressure when selecting the type, and the pressure level of the transmitter must be consistent with the application occasion. From the perspective of the measurement range of the transmitter, the general transmitter generally has a certain range of adjustable range. It is best to set the range of the range of use in 1/4 to 3/4 of its range. This accuracy will be guaranteed. It is even more important for micro -differential pressure transmitters. In practice, some applications (liquid level measurement) need to migrate the measurement range of the transmitter, and calculate the measurement range and migration according to the installation location on the spot, and the migration is divided into positive migration and negative migration.

Process control instrumental anti -explosion -proof knowledge
 
Many production occasions in the petrochemical industry have flammable and explosive gases, dust, etc. on -site instruments installed on this occasion. If sparks are spark, it will easily cause burning or explosion, causing huge personnel and property losses. Therefore It must have a safe spark explosion -proof performance. The explosion -proof instrument has an nameplate of the qualified certificate number and the type of explosion -proof type, level of explosion -proof inspection.
The explosion -proof signs on the typical logo nameplate are divided into four paragraphs: E x, A, B, C.
EX shows that this instrument is an explosion -proof instrument: segment A is filled in explosion -proof types, such as D, IA, IB, etc., section B is the category of explosion -proof instruments, such as level I, IIA, IIB, IIC; C is the surface temperature of the explosion -proof instrument. Groups, such as T1-T6. For example: EXDIA I i CT6 indicates that it has explosion-barrier and essential security functions. You can use explosion-proof instruments in the IIC level T6 group.

Failure analysis of differential pressure transmitters
 
During the measurement process, there are often some faults. Timely judgment analysis and treatment of faults are essential for production. We summarize some judgment analysis methods and analysis processes based on daily maintenance experience.
 
1: Investigation method. Looking back at the fire, smoke, odor, power supply change, lightning strikes, humidity, accidental operation, accidental maintenance
2: Intuitive method. Observe the external injury of the circuit, the pressure tube leak, the circuit overheating, and the power switch status.
3. Detective method
Disclosure test: Separate the suspicion of the failure part of it. Check whether the fault disappears and disappear, and determine the fault. Otherwise, you can find the next step, such as: the smart differential voltage transmitter cannot be normal to remotely communicate. You can disconnect the power supply from the instrument body, and use the on -site power method to communicate with the sensor to see if the cable is superimposed with an appointment. 2KHz electromagnetic signal and interfere with communication.
 
Short -circuit detection: In the case of safety, the relevant part of the circuit is directly connected. For example, the output value of the differential pressure transmitter is small, and the pressure tube can be broken. During the bilateral side of the differential pressure sensor, observe the output of the transmitter to judge the block of the pressure pipeline and leak the connectivity.
Replacement detection: The suspected failure part is replaced to determine the faulty area. For example: suspect that the transmitter circuit board fails, it can be temporarily replaced to determine the reason.
 
Division test: divide the measurement circuit into several parts, such as: power supply, power supply, signal output, signal transformation, signal detection, check from partial inspection, from simplified to complex, from the table and inside, the range of the failure is found.

Temperature Transmitter
 
The temperature transmitter should be used in conjunction with various thermocouples or thermal resistances, which can convert the test temperature linearly to 0 ~ 10mA or 4 to 20mA DC current signals in order to display, record and adjust the cooperation of the unit.
According to different types of ground temperature measurement sensors, temperature transmitters are divided into three types: DC millival transmitter, resistor temperature transmitter, and thermocouple temperature transmitter.
 
Its advantage is that low -floating and high -gain ground -based integrated circuits are used to improve the reliability, stability and various technical properties of instrumental ground. At the same time, due to the use of a linear circuit, the transmitter output signal can maintain a linear relationship with the measured temperature model. And the line adopts safety spark explosion -proof measures, which can be used in the temperature measurement in dangerous places.

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